When to Plant Lettuce in Alabama
Published: April 21, 2026
Alabama gardeners in Zone 7b have a 38-week growing season for lettuce (March 1 to November 22). Alabama's spring and fall windows both work well for lettuce — some gardeners plant both successions for a long harvest. This guide gives exact dates for Alabama based on your local frost calendar.
Lettuce Planting Dates for Alabama
| Start seeds indoors | February 1–8 |
| Last frost (average) | March 1 |
| Transplant outdoors | February 1–11 |
| Direct sow outdoors | January 18–28 |
| Expect first harvest | March 3 – April 2 |
| Fall crop start | October 11–21 |
| Fall harvest | November 10 |
| First fall frost (average) | November 22 |
Dates above assume Zone 7b, the most common zone in Alabama. Gardeners in cooler Birmingham (Zone 7b) plant 1–2 weeks later; warmer Montgomery (Zone 8a) can plant 1–2 weeks earlier.
Growing Lettuce in Alabama's Climate
Alabama's moderate Zone 7b climate is well-suited to lettuce with minimal special accommodation. The standard transplant calendar works as written, and harvest windows line up with what seed packets recommend without adjustment.
Succession planting extends your lettuce harvest significantly in Alabama. A second planting 3 to 4 weeks after the first gives you a backup in case of pest pressure and extends the total harvest window into early fall.
Common lettuce pests to watch for in Alabama include Aphids and Slugs. The first line of defense is companion planting: Carrot and Radish planted nearby discourage several of these pests by confusing host-plant identification or repelling adults before they can lay eggs. Weekly garden walks in the early morning catch problems when they're still manageable.
Lettuce Garden Calendar for Alabama
| Month | Task | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| January | Direct sow seeds | Sow seeds 1/4–1/2 inch deep, 8 inches apart |
| February | Transplant outdoors | Soil temp must be 40°F+; nighttime lows above 50°F |
| March | Harden off seedlings | Set seedlings outdoors 1–2 hours daily, increasing gradually |
| April | — | Dormant season |
| May ← | Watch for bolting | Harvest promptly; spring heat arrives quickly |
| June | — | Dormant season |
| July | — | Dormant season |
| August | — | Dormant season |
| September | — | Dormant season |
| October | Fall crop planting | Transplant or direct sow for fall harvest before frost |
| November | First frost approaches | Harvest remaining lettuce; cover plants on frost nights |
| December | — | Dormant season |
Lettuce Growing Tips for Alabama Gardeners
- •Direct sow very shallowly — lettuce seeds need light to germinate; cover with just 1/8 inch of soil.
- •Cut outer leaves 1 inch above the crown for "cut-and-come-again" harvests lasting weeks.
- •Alabama's moderate climate supports succession planting — sow new transplants or seeds every 3 weeks during spring to extend the harvest window into fall.
- •Provide afternoon shade in warmer climates (Zones 7+) to extend the spring window before heat bolts plants.
Companion Planting for Lettuce in Alabama
In Alabama's moderate climate, planting lettuce with Carrot and Radish helps deter pests and improve soil. Avoid planting near Fennel and Celery, which inhibit lettuce growth through root chemistry or shared pest pressure. See the full lettuce companion planting guide for the complete list.
Lettuce Planting Dates by City in Alabama
Top cities in Alabama — select for city-level frost dates and planting calendars.
Frequently Asked Questions
When should I plant lettuce in Alabama?
In Alabama (Zone 7b), start lettuce seeds indoors around February 1–8 and transplant outdoors around February 1–11 — 4 weeks before the state's average last frost of March 1.
What is the last frost date in Alabama?
Alabama's average last frost date is March 1 in the state's most common Zone 7b. Frost dates vary by city — higher elevations and northern counties run 1 to 3 weeks later than the state average. See the city list below for city-level frost dates.
Can I grow lettuce year-round in Alabama?
lettuce is a cool-season crop in Alabama, with spring and fall windows. Summer heat bolts the plants before they can produce a harvestable crop. Succession planting every 2–3 weeks stretches the harvest window.
What lettuce varieties grow best in Alabama?
For Alabama's Zone 7b, Buttercrunch, Romaine, and Black-Seeded Simpson perform well across most conditions.
When do I start lettuce seeds indoors in Alabama?
Start lettuce seeds indoors in Alabama around February 1–8, which is 4 weeks before the state's average last frost of March 1. Use grow lights and keep soil temperatures at 70–75°F for fastest germination.